Water water everywhere

SUMMARY:
This lesson is about water conservation and desalination of salt water in the ocean. This lesson in started by either having the students read or reading aloud an article about the methods that the people in the Himalayas are using to help them during water shortages of April and May. Next, the students can use teacher prepared documents or the internet to gain knowledge on the different methods of acquiring water when there is a shortage. The students then view the video that discusses desalination and how it is completed at a “desalination plant”. The evaluation of the students is completed by grading the worksheet from the exploration. Finally, the lesson is extended by having the students create their own desalination still. 

CONTENT STANDARDS:
Area: K-12 Science
Grades: 9, 10, 11, 12

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Describe the finite nature of Earth's resources and those human activities that can conserve or deplete Earth's resources.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe ways that human activity can alter biogeochemical cycles (e.g., carbon and nitrogen cycles) as well as food webs and energy pyramids (e.g., pest control, legume rotation crops vs. chemical fertilizers).

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Summarize the historical development of scientific theories and ideas, and describe emerging issues in the study of Earth and space sciences.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe advances and issues in Earth and space science that have important long-lasting effects on science and society (e.g., geologic time scales, global warming, depletion of resources and exponential population growth).

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain how interactions among Earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere have resulted in the ongoing changes of Earth's system.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate how thermal energy transfers in the world's oceans impact physical features (e.g., ice caps, oceanic and atmospheric currents) and weather patterns.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how scientists estimate how much of a given resource is available on Earth.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Analyze how materials from human societies (e.g., radioactive waste and air pollution) affect both physical and chemical cycles of Earth.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Conclude that Earth has finite resources and explain that humans deplete some resources faster than they can be renewed.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Explain the flow of energy and the cycling of matter through biological and ecological systems (cellular, organismal and ecological).
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how matter cycles and energy flows through different levels of organization in living systems and between living systems and the physical environment. Explain how some energy is stored and much is dissipated into the environment as thermal energy (e.g., food webs and energy pyramids).

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Explain how humans are connected to and impact natural systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate the impact on the structure and stability of ecosystems due to changes in their biotic and abiotic components as a result of human activity.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Explain the interconnectedness of the components of a natural system.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain why and how living systems require a continuous input of energy to maintain their chemical and physical organization.  Explain that with death and the cessation of energy input, living systems rapidly disintegrate toward more disorganized states.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Distinguish between observations and inferences given a scientific situation.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Construct, interpret and apply physical and conceptual models that represent or explain systems, objects, events or concepts.

Statement: Earth and Space Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Draw logical conclusions based on scientific knowledge and evidence from investigations.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Describe the finite nature of Earth's resources and those human activities that can conserve or deplete Earth's resources.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe ways that human activity can alter biogeochemical cycles (e.g., carbon and nitrogen cycles) as well as food webs and energy pyramids (e.g., pest control, legume rotation crops vs. chemical fertilizers).

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Summarize the historical development of scientific theories and ideas, and describe emerging issues in the study of Earth and space sciences.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe advances and issues in Earth and space science that have important long-lasting effects on science and society (e.g., geologic time scales, global warming, depletion of resources and exponential population growth).

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain how interactions among Earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere have resulted in the ongoing changes of Earth's system.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate how thermal energy transfers in the world's oceans impact physical features (e.g., ice caps, oceanic and atmospheric currents) and weather patterns.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how scientists estimate how much of a given resource is available on Earth.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Analyze how materials from human societies (e.g., radioactive waste and air pollution) affect both physical and chemical cycles of Earth.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Conclude that Earth has finite resources and explain that humans deplete some resources faster than they can be renewed.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Explain the flow of energy and the cycling of matter through biological and ecological systems (cellular, organismal and ecological).
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how matter cycles and energy flows through different levels of organization in living systems and between living systems and the physical environment. Explain how some energy is stored and much is dissipated into the environment as thermal energy (e.g., food webs and energy pyramids).

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Explain how humans are connected to and impact natural systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate the impact on the structure and stability of ecosystems due to changes in their biotic and abiotic components as a result of human activity.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Explain the interconnectedness of the components of a natural system.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain why and how living systems require a continuous input of energy to maintain their chemical and physical organization.  Explain that with death and the cessation of energy input, living systems rapidly disintegrate toward more disorganized states.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Distinguish between observations and inferences given a scientific situation.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Construct, interpret and apply physical and conceptual models that represent or explain systems, objects, events or concepts.

Statement: Life Sciences
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Draw logical conclusions based on scientific knowledge and evidence from investigations.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Describe the finite nature of Earth's resources and those human activities that can conserve or deplete Earth's resources.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe ways that human activity can alter biogeochemical cycles (e.g., carbon and nitrogen cycles) as well as food webs and energy pyramids (e.g., pest control, legume rotation crops vs. chemical fertilizers).

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Summarize the historical development of scientific theories and ideas, and describe emerging issues in the study of Earth and space sciences.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe advances and issues in Earth and space science that have important long-lasting effects on science and society (e.g., geologic time scales, global warming, depletion of resources and exponential population growth).

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain how interactions among Earth's lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere have resulted in the ongoing changes of Earth's system.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate how thermal energy transfers in the world's oceans impact physical features (e.g., ice caps, oceanic and atmospheric currents) and weather patterns.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Describe how Earth is made up of a series of interconnected systems and how a change in one system affects other systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how scientists estimate how much of a given resource is available on Earth.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Analyze how materials from human societies (e.g., radioactive waste and air pollution) affect both physical and chemical cycles of Earth.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Explain that humans are an integral part of the Earth's system and the choices humans make today impact natural systems in the future.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Conclude that Earth has finite resources and explain that humans deplete some resources faster than they can be renewed.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Explain the flow of energy and the cycling of matter through biological and ecological systems (cellular, organismal and ecological).
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Describe how matter cycles and energy flows through different levels of organization in living systems and between living systems and the physical environment. Explain how some energy is stored and much is dissipated into the environment as thermal energy (e.g., food webs and energy pyramids).

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Explain how humans are connected to and impact natural systems.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Investigate the impact on the structure and stability of ecosystems due to changes in their biotic and abiotic components as a result of human activity.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Explain the interconnectedness of the components of a natural system.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Explain why and how living systems require a continuous input of energy to maintain their chemical and physical organization.  Explain that with death and the cessation of energy input, living systems rapidly disintegrate toward more disorganized states.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Distinguish between observations and inferences given a scientific situation.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Construct, interpret and apply physical and conceptual models that represent or explain systems, objects, events or concepts.

Statement: Scientific Inquiry
Benchmark: Participate in and apply the processes of scientific investigation to create models and to design, conduct, evaluate and communicate the results of these investigations.
Indicators: Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BD.L10.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G09-10.BF.L10.I07, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L11.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I05, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BB.L12.I06, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I11, Y2003.CSC.S01.G11-12.BC.L11.I14, Y2003.CSC.S02.G09-10.BD.L10.I09, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BB.L11.I05, Y2003.CSC.S02.G11-12.BE.L12.I09, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I01, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I03, Y2003.CSC.S05.G09-10.BA.L09.I06
Draw logical conclusions based on scientific knowledge and evidence from investigations.